Microbiology Essay Example For Students

Microbiology Essay man came into the emergencyward at one oclock. His thumb came in an hour later. The surgeons job: get them back together. The successful re-attaching offingers to hand requires long hours of painstaking work in microsurgery. In the operating room , the surgeon doesnt stand, butsits in a chair that supports her body. Her arm is cradled by a pillow. Scalpels are present as are other standard surgical tools,but the suture threads are almost invisible, the needle thinner than a human hair. And all the surgical activity revolves around themost important instument, the microscope. The surgeon will spend the next few hours looking through the microscope at brokenblood vessels and nerves and sewing them back together again. The needles are so thin that they have to be held withneedlenosed jewellers forceps and will sew together nerves that are as wide as the thickness of a penny. To make such a stitch,the surgeons hands will move no more than the width of the folded side of a piece of paper seen end on! Imagine trying to sewtwo pieces of spaghetti together and youll have some idea of what microsurgery involves. Twenty-five years ago, this mansthumb would have been lost. But in the 1960s, surgeons began using microscopes to sew what previously had been almostinvisible blood vessels and nerves in limbs. Their sewing technique had been developed on large blood vessels over a halfcentury earlier but could not be used in microsurgery until the needles and sutures became small enough. The surgical technique,still widely used today, had taken the frustrating unreliability out of sewing slippery, round-ended blood vessels by ingeniouslyturning them into triangles. To do this, a cut end of a blood vessel was stitched at three equidistant points and pulled slightlyapart to give an anchored, triangular shape. This now lent itself to easier, more dependable stitching and paved the way formicrosurgery where as many as twenty stitches will have to be made in a blood vessel three mil limetres thick. The needle usedfor this can be just 70 millimetres wide, only ten times the width of a human blood cell. All this technology is focused on gettingbody parts back together again successfully. The more blood vessels reattached, the better the survival chances for a toe or afinger. The finer the nerve resection, the better the feeling in a damaged part of the face, or control in a previously useless arm. Twenty-five years ago, this mans thumb would have been lost. But in the 1960s, surgeons began using microscopes to sew what previously had been almost invisible blood vessels and nerves in limbs. Their sewing technique had been developed on large blood vessels over a half century earlier but could not be used in microsurgery until the needles and sutures became small enough. The surgical technique, still widely used today, had taken the frustrating unreliability out of sewing slippery, round-ended blood vessels by ingeniously turning them into triangles. To do this, a cut end of a blood vessel was stitched at three equidistant points and pulled slightly apart to give an anchored, triangular shape. This now lent itself to easier, more dependable stitching and paved the way for microsurgery where as many as twenty stitches will have to be made in a blood vessel three millimetres thick. The needle used for this can be just 70 millimetres wide, only ten times the width of a human blood cell. All this technology is focused on getting body parts back together again successfully. The more blood vessels reattached, the better the survival chances for a toe or a finger. The finer the nerve resection, the better the feeling in a damaged part of the face, or control in a previously useless arm. But the wounded and severed body part must be treated carefully. If a small part of the body, such as a finger is cut off, instead of torn, wrapped in a clean covering, put on ice and then reattached within a few hours, the chance of success is over ninety percent, as long as one good artery and one good vein can be reattached. Not only is micro surgery allowing body parts to be reattached, its also allowing them to be reshuffled. Before 1969, nothing could be done for you if youd had your thumb smashed beyond repair. But in the past 14 years, you would have been in luck, if your feet were intact. Every year in North America, hundreds of big toes are removed from feet and grafted onto hands. Sometimes tendons are shifted from less important neighbouring fingers to allow the thumb to work better in its unique role of opposing the other fingers and allowing us to grip. While we in North America can live without our big toes and never really miss them, people in Japan cant. They need their big toes to keep the common footwear, the clog, on their feet. So their second toe is taken instead. Farmers, labourers car accident victims and home handymen are the people most often helped by microsurgery replants. And because blood vessels are being reattached, burn victims can now benefit. Flaps of their healthy skin are laboriously reattached more successfully, blood vessel by blood vessel, to increase chances that the graft will take. Some women, whose diseased Fallopian tubes have become blocked, can have them reopened microsurgically. Origins and Bibliography of the Big Bang Theory Essay When a cancerous esophagus must be removed, it can be replaced using a section of the persons own bowel. These people can then lead a more normal life, using their mouth to eat with instead of inserting food though a feeding tube in their stomach. Doctors have .